Oximetry is a wide topic, which involves multiple disciplines among chemistry, physics, biomedical principles, etc. It serves as a technique for assessing oxygen saturation levels in living tissues. However, the accuracy of oximetry measurements can be influenced by various biases, potentially leading to disparities in healthcare delivery. Drawing upon recent research and clinical insights, the seminar will explore the multifaceted nature of oximetry biases. Topics of discussion will include the impact of factors such as motion artifacts, environmental variables, and device calibration on oximetry readings, especially skin pigmentation factors. The Covid pandemic showed that pulse oximeters exhibited flaws in accuracy due to the skin pigmentation of patients with darker skin. The conversation has extended to other biomedical devices that use light to detect oxygen changes in the human body, such as fNIRS systems, wearables, retina oximetry, etc.